

On December 10, 2024, an article authored by Professor Maiko Ichihara of the Graduate School of Law, titled “The Information War Targeted the “Divide” in Society: Election Interference by Russia, China, and Iran,” was published in Diplomacy. In this article, Professor Ichihara analyzes the largest election interference operation in history targeting the 2024 U.S. presidential election, describing the key actors, their methods, and their impact on the election. She notes that while the goals and methods of the outside actors – namely Russia, China, and Iran – were not identical, they shared commonalities in using fake websites and generative AI for their attacks. Professor Ichihara highlights two notable points regarding the extent to which election interference affected election outcomes. First, the influence operations conducted on social media did not generate large numbers of likes or reposts. Second, U.S. society emerged from the presidential election with heightened mutual distrust. Finally, she emphasizes that fostering dialogue among members of society and building trust in others are critical steps in creating a resilient democratic society capable of countering information warfare.