Summary Case note “Case C-490/20 V.M.A.（CJEU)” Recognition of same-sex marriage is not disciplined at the EU level, but at national level. This case concerned mutual recognition a­nd free movement of EU citizens between an EU member state where same-sex marrage is recognized（Spain) a­nd the member state where it is not（Bulgaria). This case focused on the decision of the EU Court of Justice on how to strike a balance between the incompatible subjects of the enforcement of EU law a­nd respect for national identity.